Rock-drilling tool



(No Model.)

J. W WY'O'KOFP.

ROCK DRILLING TOOL.

No. 895,105. Patented Dec. 25. 1888.

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JAMES \V. *YCKOFF, ()F MARQU "lTE, MICHIGAN.

ROGK DRILLING TGOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,105, dated December 25, 1888.

Application filed November 22, 1387. Serial No. 255,868. (No model.)

To all whom it 11mg concern:

Be it known that 1,.Ianns W. \Vronorr, of Marquette, in the county of Marquette and State of Michigan, have invented a new and Improved Rock-Drilling Tool, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a drilling tool adapted especially for use in quarrying rock, in which elliptical holes having angular ends may be produced by direct reciprocation of this single drilling implement, and whereby when a series of such holes are drilled with their angular extremities or ends in alignment with the desired line of fracture of the rock, and when these holes are charged with explosives which are fired, the rock will be split off into merchamalde blocks or slabs and without waste and in a manner to require comparatively little labor in dressingor finishin g the quarried stone.

then will be partimilarly pointed out in the claims.

Ret'erence'is lobe had to the :niconl mnying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l a perspective view of a ledge or bench of rock, showing my improved drillingtool. at work therein, and also showing a series of holes bored in the rock by the tool and in alignment with the desired line of fracture or chaavage of the rock. Fig. 2 shows in plan view one ot. the holesdrilfled bythctool. Fig. 3 is an end view of the tool, showing ils cutting-face Fig. l is a side view of the lower end portion of the tool; and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the tool taken on the line a :c, Fig. 4C.

In the-process ol. drillin rock in quarries,

-where the rock is to be dislodged in rectangular blocks or slabs, it is a common practice to drill or form holes of elliptical cross-seet-ional form having angular ends, and to dispose these holes in a row with their angular ends in alignment with the desired line of fracture or cleavage of the rock, and as will be understood from Fig. 1 of the drawings, which shows my improved drill A at work boring one or a series of elliptical holes, B,

having opposite acute angular ends [1 (1, which range in alignment with the desired line of fracture of the rock, and which is indicated by the dotted line C, which marks the longitudinal centers of the holes. The holes B shown are made in the rock to receir'e an explosive compound or agent, which, when fired, splits and dislodges the rock to form blocks or slabs of m erchantable quarried stone.

The holes B are considerably longer-in proportion to their width than elliptical holes usually made in the rock ledge or bench for this purpose. This peculiar formation of the holes l:-that.is to say, making the holes with their opposite acute angular end portions extending each way from the circumference of a circle which may be inscribed at'th-e greatest width of the hole as long or longer'than the diameter of said circleis very advantageous, because the hole being much longer in proportimi to its width than usual the oppolhe invention will first be described, and 1 site side walls of the series of holes so formed will nfesent a proportionately increased surface-re, .t-ance lo the ex mnding gases from the explosives tired in the holes, and the rock will be dislodged more accan'ately and easily, and the holes of this long narrow form require very much less lali orin cuttingthem, as far less of the bod of the rock is removed than in making the broader shorter holes above nn. '1ii-ioned, and the faces of the quar ried blocks or slabs are lurrowed less deeply;

hence much less labor is required to finish them and very little waste of the rock is occasioned by the quarrying process. The dotted circular line b, in Fig. 2 of the drawings, clearly indicates the long annular end portions, 11 71 of the hole, as above described.

I have incidentally recited the advantages aceruin g from the long narrow elliptical holes above named in order to demonstrate the important and desirable labor-saving qualities of a drilling-tool which is capable of making this form of hole by direct reciprocating movement, although it will be understood that the improved tool will make elliptical holes having angular ends and made in any proportionate length and width.

As clearly shown in the drawings, the head a of the drilling-tool A is larger than its shank a and the cuttingface of the tool has proved drilling-machine.

a marginal outline corresponding with the form of the hole B which it is to cut in the rock, the sharp angular ends a a of the toolhead producing the sharp ends I) b of the hole, while the semi-elliptical sides a (L3 of the head form. the opposite sides of the hole. At the center of its cutting-face the drilling tool is preferably provided with a projecting face or nose, (0, smaller all around than the sides a of the tool-head, to provide shoulders a a around the nose a and these shoulders are preferably undercut from the sides of the tool to the base of the nose or, as most clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

In using this double-ended drilling-tool its shank will be held or supported in any approved way, which will prevent turning of the tool while it is being reciprocated by any a-p- The nose (0 of the tool first disintegrates the rock at the center of the hole, and the lateral shoulders a of the tool finish the walls of the holes smoothly and with the opposite ends I) b of the hole in alignment with the desired line of cleavage of the rock. The cuttings of the tool are removed by a pump using water to wash out the hole.

It is ob\ i )us that explosive-receiving holes of elliptical. form having angular ends aligningwith the desired line of cleavage of the rock may be drilled more quickly and more satisfactorily by one tool cutting out the en.- tire sectional area of the hole as it is reciprocated than by first using a round drill to drill a round hole, and then driving another tool or tools into this round hole to form the diametrically-opposite parts of the hole in the line of fracture of the rock.

Having thus described my invention, what I with angular opposite ends, and with opposite side cutting-edges formed in lines meeting at the apices of the opposite end angles of the drill-face and devoid of sharp angles, substantially as described, whereby the drill will by a direct reciprocation form holes in which the exploding blastingcharges will influence the line of fracture of the rock only on a line bisecting the apices of the opposite end angles of the holes, as set forth.

2. An improved drilling-tool made with a cutti rig-head having an operating-face formed with acute-angular opposite ends and with opposite side-eutting-edges formed in lines meeting at the apices of the opposite end angles of the drill-face and devoid of sharp angles, substantially as described, for the purposes set forth.

An improved drilling-tool made with a cutting-head having an operating-face formed with angular opposite ends, and with opposite side cutting-edges formed in lines meeting at the apices of the opposite end angles of the drill-face and devoid of sharp angles, and said face having an interior projection forming adisintegrator or crusher operating in advance of the marginal finishing-edges of the tool, substantially as herein set forth.

4. An improved drilling-tool made with a cuttin g-head having an operating-face formed with acute angular opposite ends, and with opposite side cutting-edges formed in linesmeeting at the apices of the opposite end angles of the drill-face and devoid of sharp angles, and said face having an interior projection forming a disintegrator or crusher operating in advance of the marginal finishingedges of the tool, substantially as herein set forth. 7 A

JAMES W. WYCKOFF. *itnesses:

GEORGE FRowEY, S. L. BARNEY. 

